Coupled systems refer to systems that are interconnected or interact with each other in a way that influences their behavior and outcomes. This can include physical systems, biological systems, social systems, and more. Research in coupled systems typically aims to understand the dynamic interactions between these systems, how they influence each other, and how they collectively behave as a whole. This research area often involves computational modeling, mathematical analysis, and empirical studies to study the complex relationships and feedback loops within coupled systems. Understanding coupled systems is important for predicting and managing the behavior of interconnected systems in various fields such as ecology, climate science, economics, and engineering.